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• Reliability in ensuring the quality of research is reflected in its design, methodology, analysis, and use of resources.

• Honesty in developing, conducting, reviewing, reporting, and communicating research results in a transparent, fair, complete, and unbiased manner.

• Respect for colleagues, research participants, society, ecosystems, cultural heritage, and the environment.

• Accountability for research from idea to publication, for its management and organization, for training, supervision, and mentoring, and for its broader impact.

Good research practice:

Research environment:

• Within the research environment, awareness is promoted and the prevalence of a culture of research integrity is prevailed.

• Proper infrastructure for data management and protection is supported.

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• Research is reviewed and evaluated before publication.

• Reviewers or editors with a conflict of interest withdraw from involvement in decisions on publication, funding, appointment, promotion or reward.

• Confidentiality is maintained unless there is prior approval for disclosure.

• The rights of authors and applicants ar respected by author and editor, and permission is sought to make use of the ideas, data or interpretations presented.

Violations of Research Integrity

Research misconduct and other unacceptable practices:

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